Six Sigma
Process
A Six Sigma
Process is one where the process average is at least 'Six Sigma'
away from the nearest customer specification limit (where one Sigma
is the standard deviation of the process variation, a measure of
process spread). The Six Sigma Process uses data and rigorous
statistical analysis to identify "defects" in a process or product,
reduce variability, and achieve as close to zero defects as
possible.
The Six Sigma
Process involves identifying a problem…analyzing its
causes…developing a solution…implementing that solution by making it
a part of your standard procedure…and then measuring the results. A
key element of the Six Sigma Process is establishment of causal
relationships and capitalizing on our understanding of these
relationships to achieve statistical control.
The real payoff
of Six Sigma Process improvement strategies is in keeping processes
on track to profitability. Students will use the tools of Six Sigma
Process Control including Flow Charts, Histograms, Pareto Charts,
Critical to Quality Trees, Cause and Effect Diagrams, Design of
Experiments, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis and Control
Charts.
Implementing a
Six Sigma Process in your business will entail the use of new
phrases to describe the people involved in the six sigma process,
the names are:
·
MASTER BLACK BELT/CHAMPION - The highest
trained individuals in the business and Six Sigma Process. The
master black belts will be the people in your business who influence
quality control at the highest board room
level.
·
BLACK BELT - Highly trained individuals who
lead others namely the 'Green Belts'. Black belts will require tem
leadership and project management skills. These individuals could be
anyone in the business prepared to lead the improvement teams. In
America there are a lot
of consultancy firms which have special training sessions to train
individuals on the fundamentals of the Six Sigma Process (define,
measures, analyze, etc). There can be some complex equations that
may have to be learnt. Generally speaking the black belts would be
engineers within the business.
·
GREEN BELTS - These in essence will be the
employees in the team which go out and observe the processes which
require changing and collate the data.
The Six Sigma
Process is a great step toward creating learning organizations with
its well-defined roadmaps and management structure. The DMAIC Six
Sigma Process (define, measure, analyze, improve, control) is an
improvement system for existing Six Sigma Process falling below
specification and looking for incremental improvement. The DMADV Six
Sigma Process (define, measure, analyze, design, verify) is an
improvement system used to develop new processes or products at Six
Sigma quality levels. It can also be employed if a current process
requires more than just incremental improvement. Both Six Sigma
processes are executed by Six Sigma Green Belts and Six Sigma Black
Belts, and are overseen by Six Sigma Master Black
Belts.
The heart of
the Six Sigma Process involves the training of so-called Black
Belts, the men and women who lead the teams to improve specific
processes. The goal of the Six Sigma Process is to make only 3.4
"mistakes" per every million activities-or to get it right 99.99966%
of the time. A Six Sigma Process generates a maximum defect
probability of 3.4 parts per million (PPM), when properly
controlled. The overall goal of the Six Sigma Process is to reduce
costs, reduce and control process variability and drive process and
transportation excellence.